Machine for punching and forging.



No. 67|,43L Patented Apr.`9, |901. 1

J. H. BAKER.

VMACHINE FDR PUNCHING AND FUBGING.

(Application led June 1B, 1900.] (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet I.

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110. 671,431. Patenten Apr. 9, 1901.

.1. 11. BAKER. Y

MACHINE FOR PUNCHING AND FORGING.

(Application ledwuna 18, 1900.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

VL E mwen/c No. 67|,43L Patented Apr. 9, |901. .L H. BAKER. MACHINE FDR PUNCHING AND FURGING.

(Application led June 18, 1900., (No Mudel.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

- No. 67|,43L v Patented Apr. 9, |90l.

' J. H. BAKER. Y

MACHINE FOR PUNGHING AND FORGING.

(Application med :une 1s, 1900.; (No Modal.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

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UNiTnn I STATES ATENT QFFICE.

JAMES H. BAKER, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

MACHINE FOR PUNCHING AND FoRGlNc.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 671,431, dated April 9, 1901.

Application filed June 18, 1900. Serial No. 20,716. KNO model.)

To all when@ it m/cty concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES H. BAKER, engineer, residing at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, (post-office address Park Building, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania,) have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Punching and Forging, of which the following is a specilication, referring to the accompanying drawings.

The object of the invention is to improve and facilitate the punching and forging of metal, especially iron and steel, in a heated state. The machine works on the turret principle. The billet or blank to be worked upon is in the preferred forms of the invention held by hydraulic'grip or die, and the punching or forging tools are reciprocated to and from the billet or blank successively, one tool after another being broughtinto operation and being mounted upon a turret, which reciprocates toward and from the billet. To facilitate eX- planation of the invention, I will describe one preferred embodiment of it. It is used for piercing or punching a hole through a billet,

although it must be understood that many other kinds of work can be done under the principles of my invention.

I will first point out some of the preferred forms and details of apparatus embodying my invention, and I will then enumerate in the claims the novel and characteristic features.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of the machine, with some features omitted for clearness, showing the tool withdrawn from the billet-holdingdie. Fig. 2 is a partial view of the same, showing parts in section. Figi. 3 is a side elevation, partly in section and with some parts omitted. Fig. et is a similar view of the machine after four successive reciprocations, showing the position at the forward end of the fourth stroke of the machine. Fig. 5 is a detailed view, partly in section, showing parts in position at the beginning of the first stroke of the machine. Fig. 6 is a similar view showing the position at the forward end of the lirst stroke. Fig. 7 is a detail of certain other parts in the position corresponding to Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a detailed plan view of part of same. Fig. 9 is a detailed crosssection of certain parts. Figs. 10, 11, and 12 are detailed views, partly in section, of the centering and supporting mechanism for the punching or forging tool; and Fig. 13 is a detailed view of the billet-holding jaws, as seen at right angles to Fig. 3. ,l

Throughout the drawings like numerals of reference indicate like parts.

The frame of the machine IOcarries the stationary lower billet-holding jaw 11 and is provided with slideways or guides 20 for the reciprocating tool-head 21. The main shaft 30, which is driven from any suitable source of power, has bearings in the frame or housing 10 and is connected by crank 22 and pitman 23 to operate the cross-head or slide 2l.

Before going into details I will explain lbriefly that the cross-head 2l carries the turret-like adjustable tool-holder 40 which in the form shown in the drawings is provided with four tools and is operated to turn on the horizontal shaft 41 in the cross-head 2l. At

each reciprocation one of the piercing or forging tools is forced into the billet and then withdrawn. Immediately afterits withdrawal the tool-holder 40 turns so as to present the next tool in line with the billet ready for the' gripped and held by the upperjaw 14E, which moves vertically and is controlled by the piston-rod 15 and the hydraulic cylinderl. This hydraulic gripping mechanism is controlled by the three-way valve 17, which supplies water under high pressure to the upper end of the cylinder 16 or allows it to dis'- charge from the cylinder at will. Pipe 18, connected with a pressure-tan k or other source of pressure, supplies pressure beneath the piston; but such pressure is much less than the downward pressure controlled by the valve 17. When, therefore, the valve 17 admits pressure above the piston, the jaw descends and grips the billet; but upon reversing the valve 17 the pressure beneath the piston raises the piston and releases the billet.

The reciprocation of the cross head or slide 21 is eected by the crank 22 and pitman 30, as before described, and is controlled by a IOC clutch 3l, which is designed to connect and disconnect the shaft with the source of power, which may be a pulley 32 and belt 33.

The clutch 30 is controlled by the treadle or foot-lever 35, fulcrumed at 36 and connected to control the clutch 30 by the link 37, and any f desired form of shifting-lever 38, the details The shoulder 50 is drawntoward the lever, as seen g in Fig. 4, and thelever released by depressing the treadle 52 of lever 53.

This lever 53 is fnlcrumed at 54 and acts through the bellcrank 55 and rod 56 to draw the link 51 into the position shown in the dotted lines in Fig.

" locked in their lowest position by the springdog 57, which engages the vprojection 58 on the lever 53, as shown in Fig. 5. of the lever 52 by the foot of the operator The levers '53 and 35 are automatically:

The depression j latter lever to throw in the clutch and start the machine. its first stroke, forcing the first or shortest tool 42 into the billet and then drawing it.

back. The shaft 41 carries a ratchet 46, having teeth at angles corresponding with the;

` 43, 44, and 45.

angular positions of the several tools 42, 43, 44, and 45. At each backward reciprocation of the cross head or slide 2l the successive teeth of the ratchet 46 strike the end of the pawl 47 and turn the shaft 41 one step, so as to bring the next tool into position to operate upon the billet at the succeeding forward stroke of the machine.

The pawl is held up Thereupon the machine makes 1 to its work by the spring 48 until the last tool has been broughtinto operation, and it is then automatically released, the machine stopped, f and the first tool is brought into operative;

` position by the following agency: The removable releasing lug or ear 60 is placed upon the revolving adjustable tool-holder 40 in posiat the forward end of the stroke of the machine. The lever 62 is fulcrumed in a position lo be actuated by the lever 61. Preferably the end of the lever 6l projects through an eye in the end of the lever 62so as to make a loose articulate connection therewith.

\ tion to engage and actuate a small lever 61 y The lower end of the lever 62 carries a con-` necting-rod 63, one end of which is connected by a lost-motion connection, such as Aa pin and slot 64, to the spring-dog 57, and the other end of which actuates a small bell-crank 65,'

'].ef,t,-and thereby the dog 57 is disengaged When the lug or ear 60.

3 upward immediately.

, and 12.

from the projection 58, releasing the levers 53 and 35. Secondly, the link 5l is allowed to engage with the lever 35 and forced downward by the bell-crank 65, so that the shoulder 50 strikes the lever 35 at the point 39 and forces that end downward, disengaging the clutch mechanism 30, 37, and 38. Thirdly, the pawl 47 is drawn downward by the link 66 and the bell-crank 65, so that it will not engage the ratchet 46. When, therefore, the momentum of themachine carries the reciprocating head 2l to either end of the stroke and withdraws the tool from the billet, the machine stops, and the tool-holder 40 may be turned by gravity or by hand to any position desired, so as to bring tool 42 or any of the other tools desired into line with the billet previous to starting the machine again. Of course the pawl 47 has to be held down, or else it would spring Therefore I provide a spring-catch 67, which retains the parts in position, as in Fig. 4. When, however, the toolholder is returned to its original position, as in Fig. 3, the cam surface or lug upon the ratchet 46 pushes back the spring-catch 67,

1 leaving the parts iu their original initial po- 'presses it down on the lever 35 and causes the sition. It is necessary to center and support the piercing or forging tool toward this forward movement. This I accomplish by two laterally-moving guides 80, (see Figs. 2 and 10,) which embrace and center the projecting portion 81 of the tool-holder 40, one of which is provided with each of the several tools 42,

The guides are forced together to embrace and center the tool-'holder 'by means of the two pairs of toggles 82, which are actuated by the cam-rods 83 and the double-acting cams shown in detail in Figs. 11 One of these cams 84 acts upon a stud 85 within the strap 86 vto force its rod 83 toward the right and straighten the toggles 82, thereby holding the corresponding guide 80 rin'ly against the-tool-holder, so as to guide and center the operation of the tool. The cam '84 is designed, las shown, so as to hold the toggles in this position d uring about threequarters of the revolution, releasing them only as the tool is withdrawn toward the rear end of the stroke. The `opening movement of the toggles is performed by either cams 87, which act upon the abuttingsurfaces 880i' the respective rods 83 to force the toggle into the position shown in Fig. 2'when the tool has nearly reached the rearward end of its stroke and just before the pawl 47 engages a tooth of the ratchet 46.

The operation of the machine is as follows:

After inserting the billet and closing the jaw 14 upon it the treadle 52 is depressed and the shoulder 50 is thereby drawn clear of the shoulder 39 and the lever 35 is depressed,

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withdrawal the centering-guides S0 withd raw sidewise and immediately thereafter the pawl 47 engages and turns the ratchet 46, bringing tool 43 into alinement. Next the guides 8O again come into play, centering the tool 43 as it is moved toward the billet by the reciprocation of the cross-head 2l. After the tool 43 is withdrawn the tools 44 and 45 are snccessively brought into play in a similar manner; but as the last tool 45 reaches the end of its forward stroke levers 6l and 62 are actuated and dog o7 and pawl 47 are Withdrawn from engagement,theshoulderOis depressed and strikes against shonlderBQ, disengaging the clutch mechanism, and the machine is brought to rest as the last tool 45 is withdrawn from its operation. If the momentum of the machine is found too uncertain to be depended upon to bring ,the machine to rest in the desired position, weights or springs may'be utilized, as will be Well understood in the art, for it is preferable that the machine should always be brought to rest when the tool-holder is at the rear end of its stroke.

It will be noticed that the detachable lug or ear may be placed upon the tool-holder in other positions than that shown, so as to stop the operation after one, two, three, or

four strokes, thus enabling meto provide for the operation of only one tool or for two, three, or four tools, as the forging of the particular work inhand may require. For this purpose I provide suitably-placed holes 69, Fig. 4, for bolting on the lng o0 in the correct positions for the respective tools.

Having now set forth my invention in one of its preferred forms and explained the manner in which it may be used, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent the following as the characteristic features of the invention:

1..In a machine for piercing or forging metal, the combination of means for holding the metal to be treated, a tool-holder carrying a plurality of tools and movably mounted to permit the bringing of the tools severally into operative position; mechanism for reciprocating the holder,vand cooperating mechanism for adjusting the tool-holder to present the tools successively in operative position, substantially as set forth.

' 2. In a machine for piercing or forging metal, the combination of means for holding the metal to be treated, a tool-holder carrying a plurality of toolsand movably mounted to permit the bringing of the tools severally into operative position; mechanism for reciprocatin g the holder, and cooperating mechanism for adjusting the tool-holder to present the tools successively in operative position, and cooperating mechanism for centering and locking the tool-holder, substantially as set forth.

3. In a machine for piercing or forging metal, the combination of means for holding the metal to be treated, a tool-holder carrying a plurality of tools and movably mounted to permit the bringing of the tools severally into operative position, mechanism for reciprocating the holder, and meansv for centering and locking the tool-holder to insure the correct position of the tool, substantially as set forth.

4. In a machine for piercing or forging metal, the com bination of means for holding the metal to be treated, a tool-holder carrying a plurality of tools and movably mounted to permit the bringing of the tools severally into operative position; mechanism for reciprocating the holder in line with the metal to be treated, and cooperatively-timed mechanism for centering the tool in its proper alinement, substantially as set forth.

j 5. In a machine for piercing or forging metal,the combination of mechanism for gripping and ungripping the metal treated, a reciprocating head, means for adjustably supporting a plurality of tools, and cooperating mechanism for reciprocating the `said head and adjusting the tools successively, suhstantial-ly as set forth.

6. In a machine for piercing or forging meta1,the combination of mechanism for gripping and ungripping the metal treated, a reeiprocating head, means for adjustably supporting a plurality of tools, and cooperating mechanism for reciprocating the said head, adjusting the tools, and centering or locking theni when acting upon the metal, substantially as set forth.

7. In a machine for piercing or forging metal, the combination of a metal-holder for the metal to be treated, a tool-holder carrying a plurality of tools, and adjustably mounted to allow the bringing of the tools severally into operative position, and means for approaching and withdrawing the metal-holder and tool-holder relatively to each other, substantially as set forth.

8. In a machine for piercing or forging metal, the combination of a metal-holder for the metal to be treated, a tool-holder carrying a plurality of tools, and adjustably mounted to allow the bringing of the tools severally into operative position, and means for approaching and withdrawing the metal-holder and tool-holder relatively to each other and adjusting the tool-holder to present the tools successively in operative position, substantially as set forth.

9. In combination in a machine forpiercing or forging metal and with the frame thereof provided with guideways, a reciprocatng head mounted thereon, an adjustable toolholder mounted on the head, and a pawl-andratchet mechanism actuated by the movement of the head to adjust the tool-holder, substantially as set forth.

l0. In combination in a machine for piercing or forging metal and with the frame there- IIO ment of the head to adj usb the tool-holder, ac-

of provided with gudeways; a reciproeatingiy drawn from the metal, substantially as sei.; vI head mounted thereon, an adjustable 13001- forth. A

holder mounted 0n the head, and a paWl-aud- Signed this 24th day of March,1900,at PittsL ratchet', mechanism actuated by the moveburg, Pennsylvania.

tuating connec'bions for qhe head,and meehan- JAMES H BAKER" ism for locking and releasing the tool-holder Witnesses l during its reciproeation, said mechanism be- F. S.y PURVIANCE, t ing timed to unlock it when the tool is Wbh- H. M. BRACKENRIDGE 

